a factory with pipes and valves in the background.

Virtual Flow Meter (VFM):-Virtual Flow MeterThe novel hybrid approach combines traditional multiphase flow meters with innovative machine learning based flow models.-How does VFM Work?The VFM uses data assimilation technique and combines the process data from available downhole and topside sensors with either physics-driven, data-driven or hybrid models based on machine learning.Multiple machine learning models are trained and are able to predict the oil, water and gas flow rates.The model with the best performance is selected for each field.-Hybrid VFM: Combining ML Model and Measurements: Available sensor (downhole, topside), it includes Measurement Noise, Data Assimilation (model-data) MIN, Hybrid, Approach Flow models (physics-driven, data-driven, hybrid), Model Error, and Incorporates advanced events detection and critical warning system.-Challenges of ConventionalFlow Meter (CFM)* Radioactive - source based measurements.* Lower accuracy in varying field conditions.* High operational and maintenanc