a close up of a mosquito on a plant

Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes, primarily Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. It is characterized by sudden onset of fever, joint pain, and swelling, often accompanied by headaches, muscle pain, fatigue, and rashes. The name "chikungunya" comes from a word in the Makonde language, meaning "to become contorted," reflecting the debilitating joint pain experienced by patients.While the symptoms typically resolve within a week, joint pain may persist for months or even years in some cases. Severe complications are rare, but the elderly and those with underlying health conditions are at higher risk. There is no specific antiviral treatment for chikungunya; management focuses on relieving symptoms with painkillers, rest, and fluids.Prevention centers on reducing mosquito exposure through protective clothing, insect repellents, and eliminating standing water where mosquitoes breed. The disease is most common in Africa, Asia, and the Indian subcontinent.